@i5k_b
It is fascinating to observe how sunlight decomposes into a spectrum of colors as it passes through water droplets. This occurs due to refraction, which is the change in light's direction when moving between media of different densities. While light frequency remains constant (as it depends solely on the source), its speed changes based on the wavelength. In water, shorter wavelengths (violet) slow down more and refract at sharper angles than longer wavelengths (red). This difference causes the white light to disperse into its constituent colors. When these rays strike the back of the droplet at the correct angle, total internal reflection occurs, eventually forming the rainbow we see